Drinking Water Distribution Systems: Assessing and Reducing Risks
The Drinking Water Distribution Systems is a critical component of every drinking water utility. Its primary function is to provide the required water quantity and quality at a suitable pressure, and failure to do so is a serious system deficiency. Water quality may degrade during distribution because of the way water is treated or not treated before it is distributed, chemical and biological reactions that take place in the water during distribution, reactions between the water and distribution system materials, and contamination from external sources that occurs because of main breaks, leaks coupled with hydraulic transients, and improperly maintained storage facilities, among other things. Furthermore, special problems are posed by the utility’s need to maintain suitable water quality at the consumers tap, and the quality changes that occur in consumers’plumbing, which is not owned or controlled by the utility.
You can also read DESIGN GUIDE Residential PEX Water Supply Plumbing Systems 2006
Drinking Water Distribution Systems: Assessing and Reducing Risks
- SUMMARY
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- INTRODUCTION
- REGULATIONS, NON-REGULATORY APPROACHES, AND THEIR LIMITATIONS
- PUBLIC HEALTH RISK FROM DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM CONTAMINATION
- PHYSICAL INTEGRITY
- HYDRAULIC INTEGRITY
- WATER QUALITY INTEGRITY
- INTEGRATING APPROACHES TO REDUCING RISK FROM DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
- ALTERNATIVES FOR PREMISE PLUMBING
- APPENDIX A Public Water Supply Distribution Systems: Assessing and also Reducing Risks, First Rep
- APPENDIX B Committee Biographical Information
These assumptions led the Committee to devote only a small section of the report to non-traditional distribution system design (such as dual distribution systems), investigation of which was not in the Committee’s charge. The Committee believes that alternative methods of distributing water, including dual distribution systems, point-of-use and point-of-entry treatment systems, and community-based treatment systems need more research and evaluation to determine their effectiveness and applicability, both in the United States and elsewhere in the world.
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